Non-invasive duo positive airway pressure ventilation versus nasal continuous positive airway pressure in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome: a randomized controlled trial

Abstract Background The most common cause of respiratory failure in premature infants is distress syndrome. Historically, syndrome has been treated by intratracheal surfactant injection followed mechanical ventilation. In view the risk pulmonary injury associated with ventilation and subsequent chronic lung disease, less invasive treatment modalities have suggested to reduce complications. Methods 148 neonates (with gestational age 28 34 weeks) admitted Imam Khomeini Hospital Ahwaz 2018 were enrolled this clinical trial study. 74 assigned duo positive airway pressure (NDUOPAP) group nasal continuous (NCPAP) group. primary outcome study was N-DUOPAP NCPAP treatments within first 72 h after birth secondary outcomes included Results there not significant difference between DUOPAP (4.1 %) (8.1 at ( p = 0.494), but non-invasive time 0.004). There differences frequency patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), pneumothorax, intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), apnea mortality two groups. Need for repeated doses 0.042) NDUOPAP significantly lower than that duration oxygen therapy 0.034). Also, hospitalization shorter 0.002). Conclusions present study, compared did need during birth, demand, multiple length stay those CPAP Trial registration IRCT20180821040847N1 , Approved on 2018-09-10.